Background: Dispensing in error is traumatic for the pharmacist as well as the patient. Faulty dispensing may result in litigation, which can be expensive and lead to increased costs for pharmacist’s liability. However, there is no the way to confront the dispensing in error in current pharmaceutical law. Methods: In this collected cases of dispensing error, we analyzed the interpretation of authentic interpretation regarding the examples of the SPO (Supreme Prosecutors’ Office), the MFDS (Ministry of Health and Welfare), the HIRA (Health Insurance Review and Assessment service) in Korea and suggested ways and means to respond patient’s complaints step by step according to the procedure of public health and police. Results: When a patient complains to a government office about a dispensing error, the public health officer visits to investigate the pharmacy site, and the pharmacist should attend the police station to make a statement. At this time, it is necessary to collect objective data to prove no intention of pharmacist and protect your pharmacist’s liability. It is helpful to submit supporting the interpretation of authentic interpretation regarding the examples of the SPO, the MFDS and HIRA, and newspaper articles. We shared the six types of countermeasure as to dispensing error; dispensing the wrong medicine (lower price and higher price), the wrong drug strength (lower dose or higher dose), the same ingredient which produced different company, and addition. Conclusion: In all cases of dispensing error, the pharmacist should deal with the situation. It is essential to prepare objective data in response to patient complaints. Unfortunately, it has been a lack of clear countermeasure as to dispensing error from a pharmacist’s perspective. We need to suggest the pharmaceutical legislation as to dispensing error by due process of pharmacy law in Korea.

Keywords: Community pharmacist, Dispensing error, Litigation, Pharmaceutical law, Pharmacist’s liability